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AP Biology — Unit 4 — Feedback Mechanisms — Drill 16

Drill 16 ·

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About This Drill

AP Biology — Unit 4 — Feedback Mechanisms — Drill 16 is a practice drill. It contains 5 original questions created by Brian Stewart, a Barron's test prep author with over 20 years of tutoring experience.

Analyze blood glucose regulation data to evaluate negative feedback mechanisms, hormone interactions, and the physiological consequences of impaired insulin signaling.

Passage

Researchers monitor blood glucose, insulin, and glucagon levels in a healthy individual over a 4-hour period following a standardized meal. Venous blood samples were collected at 30-minute intervals and analyzed for hormone concentrations.
Blood Glucose and Hormone Levels Over Time:
0 min: Blood Glucose 85 mg/dLInsulin 8 uU/mLGlucagon 120 pg/mL
30 min: Blood Glucose 142 mg/dLInsulin 52 uU/mLGlucagon 48 pg/mL
60 min: Blood Glucose 128 mg/dLInsulin 61 uU/mLGlucagon 39 pg/mL
90 min: Blood Glucose 104 mg/dLInsulin 34 uU/mLGlucagon 72 pg/mL
120 min: Blood Glucose 88 mg/dLInsulin 12 uU/mLGlucagon 108 pg/mL
150 min: Blood Glucose 84 mg/dLInsulin 9 uU/mLGlucagon 118 pg/mL

Questions in This Drill

  1. Based on the table, at which time point does blood glucose reach its peak, and what is the corresponding insulin level?
  2. A student observes that insulin peaks at 60 minutes while blood glucose peaks at 30 minutes. The student claims this delay demonstrates that insulin secretion is triggered by rising glucose levels, not peak glucose levels. Which reasoning best evaluates this claim?
  3. Between 90 and 150 minutes, glucagon levels rise from 72 to 118 pg/mL as blood glucose returns toward baseline. Which cellular mechanism best explains the role of rising glucagon during this period?
  4. A researcher proposes that the glucose-insulin-glucagon system shown in the table represents a classic negative feedback loop. Which feature of the data is most consistent with this characterization?
  5. A patient with Type 2 diabetes produces insulin normally but has reduced insulin receptor sensitivity in muscle and liver cells. Based on the feedback mechanism shown in the table, which pattern would most likely be observed in this patient following the same standardized meal?